As the new academic year begins, the campus of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is abuzz with discussions about the pioneering scientists of the past. These figures not only contributed foundational “laws” to our textbooks but also infused “light and shadow” into stage productions. They serve as both revered role models and esteemed alumni.
Recently, Bao Xinhe, the President of USTC, highlighted the remarkable legacies of three scientists during the undergraduate opening ceremony for the 2024 academic year. Yang Chengzong turned down lucrative overseas offers, returning to the nascent People’s Republic of China with thirteen boxes of invaluable research materials purchased with his life savings. At a time when the fundamentals of radiochemistry in China were virtually non-existent, he designed the radiochemistry laboratory and trained the first generation of radiochemistry researchers desperately needed by the country. He is recognized as a founding figure in Chinese radiochemistry and one of USTC’s early champions. In the early 21st century, Pan Jianwei founded a laboratory and assembled a research team that ventured into the quantum realm, marking the beginning of a journey intertwined with quantum entanglement. Qian Xuesen, the first chair of the modern Mechanics Department at USTC, was known for his voracious reading of philosophy and literary theory during his university years. He ardently advocated for the fusion of art and science…
Stories of older scientists—including eleven recipients of the ‘Two Bombs and One Satellite’ merit awards—who bravely overcame hardships, reached new scientific heights, selflessly served, and even sacrificed their lives for their country, have become the “first lesson” for new students. These inspiring narratives encourage students to emulate these scientific pioneers, embrace their responsibilities, and contribute meaningfully to the nation’s scientific endeavors.
Reflecting on our cultural heritage, we find that the pursuit of truth has been a continuous journey throughout history. The spirit of our scientists inspires generations of young scholars to march forward. China’s scientific tradition, with its delicate threads interwoven from ancient agricultural, medical, astronomical, and mathematical systems, and represented by the Four Great Inventions, is deeply influenced by traditional Chinese cultural concepts such as “the unity of nature and humanity” and “knowledge through investigation.”
From the Han Dynasty’s celestial observations at the Fuyang site to the unearthed astronomical instruments from the Han tombs, these artifacts not only embody invaluable historical legacies but also stand as witnesses to humanity’s quest for the cosmos and the evolution of civilization. Through partnerships with astronomy experts, efforts to revive ancient practices demonstrate our civilization’s brilliance and ignite the scientific thought crucial for development.
In the new era, promoting the spirit of scientists reflects both a commitment to enriching and continuing excellent Chinese traditional culture and a strong expression of cultural confidence. Why do we feel this way? As expressed by the ancient saying, “The road ahead is long and winding; I will search high and low,” our tradition emphasizes action over mere words. The tribulations of modern history have scarred the Chinese nation, yet they have also sharpened our spirit of pragmatism.
At the Western side of Hefei Science Island stands the Memorial Plaza for Academician Ge Tingyue, inscribed with the message: “Everlasting devotion to the nation.” In a congratulatory letter on Ge’s 80th birthday in 1993, Qian Xuesen expressed, “I can never forget that it was you who guided me back to my homeland.” In 1980, nearing his seventies, Ge Tingyue arrived at Hefei Science Island to establish the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Solid State Physics. During that time, conditions were dire, leading Ge to adopt the motto “struggle hard and build frugally,” determined to train talent and create world-class research outcomes within China’s laboratories.
The choice of many pioneers on Hefei Science Island—“Regardless of the obstacles, I shall proceed”—reflects the unwavering spirit of our scientists and continues to shine brightly today. Their altruism and determination are steadfast even amidst hardship. Generations of researchers link their aspirations with national destiny, taking turns to pass the torch, innovate, climb new heights, and showcase their talents.
**Engaging with the “New Youth” on Science Island: Climbing Higher as “Problem Solvers”**
Currently on Hefei Science Island, a dedicated team known as the “Ge Tingyue Extreme Materials Research Task Force” comprises members from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Solid State Physics. I spoke with two young scientists from this task force, Chen Bin and Shao Dingfu, about the inheritance of scientific spirit, national responsibility, and the qualities of persistence, resilience, and composure in research.
In Chen Bin’s office, a row of green plants occupies the windowsill, with a particular fondness for one known as “Put Down Roots.” Chen focuses on the design, synthesis, and performance optimization of optoelectronic functional nanomaterials, while Shao specializes in the theoretical aspects of quantum materials and devices. A multitude of young scientists dedicated to high-precision research calls Science Island home; they nurture their academic ambitions and endeavor towards national scientific contributions.
Their ideals were initially inspired by the elder scientists, and the formation of their task force has catalyzed further breakthroughs. “Ge Tingyue is a metal physicist whose contributions are written in textbooks,” both Chen and Shao noted. As members of the task force, Ge’s legacy is deeply ingrained in their missions. In 1949, following the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Ge returned to his homeland with his wife and two children. He came to Hefei Science Island in 1980, establishing the Institute of Solid State Physics, where he led researchers in making significant strides onto the international stage for China’s solid-state research.
As emerging scientists, how do they intend to carry this legacy forward?
“Do what the country needs!” Chen responded. When asked to elaborate on their current research projects and goals, he stated, “From nothing, we heed the nation’s needs.” This noble yet straightforward belief, rooted in the ethos of past scientists, should continue to guide contemporary researchers. The task force aims to develop extreme materials essential for major national concerns and the economic frontline. For instance, the commitment to peak carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality represents China’s solemn pledge to the world, and their research plays a crucial role in this historical endeavor.
Shao emphasized, “We look up to our predecessors.” When discussing the significance of proposing new theoretical frameworks versus experimental work, he referenced Ge’s groundbreaking evidence regarding internal friction peaks through his invention. Shao admires how Ge and his contemporaries didn’t blindly follow Western theories; instead, they forged their paths. He aspires to emulate this, generating new ideas to achieve goals such as miniaturization and low power consumption within electronic materials.
“I remain curious about science,” Shao added. He explained, “In my research on antiferromagnetic spintronics, we aim to transform materials tagged as ‘interesting but impractical’ into something both.” Despite the tedious process often marred by failures and revisions, a passion for exploration and unwavering curiosity fuels persistence in science. “Theoretical research is unhindered by environment or conditions; with just a pen, one can derive equations and validate ideas,” he shared.
“Facing difficulties and setbacks courageously” is essential, Chen believes. He acknowledges that persevering through challenges is a necessary path in research. Experiencing prolonged stagnation on complex problems is common, but rather than dwelling on obstacles, it’s crucial to keep moving forward. “Once you’ve weathered countless trials, you can attain a composed perspective, like a boat sailing past endless mountains.”
“Enduring on the sidelines is key, but don’t remain idle.” When discussing the role of youth in scientific advancement, Chen concluded that solitary efforts are no longer sufficient in today’s collaborative research landscape. “This task force showcases the benefits of pooling diverse talents across various disciplines. When faced with a challenge in materials science, mathematical or physical insights can simplify problems significantly.”
“Instead of just solving problems, aim to create them,” Shao emphasized. He believes that scientific researchers should foster a proactive mindset. In the Ge Tingyue Extreme Materials Task Force, Shao focuses not only on achieving personal value but also on inspiring and collaborating with peers across various fields, generating fresh perspectives through collaboration. Real research should encourage self-motivation and creativity, not merely replicating answers without meaning.
In conclusion, both Chen and Shao embody the spirit of inquiry and commitment towards a future driven by innovation and excellence, perpetuating the legacy of scientific dedication in a new era.
